Who this is for
This is for people who run marketing at an Indian company. You may run a website form, a lead ad, an event sign-up sheet, a CRM or a WhatsApp list. It does not cover TRAI rules on SMS and calls, or the lead form rules of ad platforms. We did not read those for this guide.
Which dates apply?
Section 1(2) of the Act says it starts on dates the Central Government sets by notification, and that different parts may start on different dates. We did not open an official notification that says which sections of the Act are in force today, so we do not say. A release from the Press Information Bureau (PIB), posted 14 November 2025, says the Rules mark the full operationalisation of the Act, and that they give an 18-month phased timeline.
Rule 1 of the Rules sets the Rules' own dates. The Gazette is No. 760, dated Thursday 13 November 2025. We counted from that date. PIB posted its release a day later, so ask your company secretary to confirm the exact dates.
- Rules 1, 2 and 17 to 21 started on publication, 13 November 2025. They cover the title, definitions and the set-up of the Board.
- Rule 4, on consent managers, starts one year after publication. By our count that is 13 November 2026.
- Rules 3, 5 to 16, 22 and 23 start eighteen months after publication. By our count that is 13 May 2027. This block holds the notice (rule 3), security (rule 6) and breach reports (rule 7). It also holds erasure (rule 8), the published contact (rule 9), children (rules 10 and 12) and rights (rule 14).
A consent manager is a registered person who helps someone give, manage and withdraw consent from one place (section 2(g)). A normal marketer does not need to be one.
What must the notice contain? (Rule 3)
Section 5 of the Act asks for a notice. Rule 3 says what it must be like. The notice has three parts.
- It must make sense on its own, without the reader needing any other page you publish (rule 3(a)).
- It must be in clear, plain language. It must list the personal data item by item. It must name each purpose and describe the goods, services or uses the data enables (rule 3(b)).
- It must give a link to your website or app and any other means to withdraw consent, use the person's rights and complain to the Board. Withdrawal must be about as easy as giving consent (rule 3(c)).
PIB's release calls this a standalone notice. A long privacy policy with a tick box next to it may not meet rule 3(a). The text does not say that outright, so ask a lawyer.
WhatsApp: what Meta's pages say
We read the WhatsApp Business Messaging Policy page on 22 October 2026. It shows a last updated date of 23 September 2026. We also read Meta's developer page on getting opt-in. It shows no date.
- Policy page: you may contact a person on WhatsApp only if she gave you her number or username and you have her opt-in permission.
- Policy page: you choose the method of opt-in, and you must follow applicable law.
- Policy page: you must respect requests to block, stop or opt out. You must also secure the notices, permissions and consents needed to collect, use and share people's information.
- Developer page: an opt-in must say clearly that the person agrees to hear from the business, and must name the business. Examples of methods are SMS, a website, a phone menu, or in person and on paper.
- Both pages: separate opt-ins for each message category are suggested, and clear steps to opt out.
- Developer page: it mentions a November 2024 policy update under which the opt-in can be general and need not be specific to WhatsApp.
What the DPDP Act adds, and what we did not find
We did not read an official Indian text that applies the Act to WhatsApp messages in particular. The Act covers digital personal data in general (section 3). A mobile number saved with a name fits the definition of personal data. Whether a number alone does, the text does not say.
So the rules stack. Meta asks for opt-in and a named business. The Act asks for a notice, a clear yes and proof. One way to meet both is a single opt-in line. It names your firm, says WhatsApp, states the purposes and says how to stop. This is our method and not a rule.
What if a person messages you first? The Act gives an example in section 7. A broker answers a message that asked for help and stops when the person says she no longer needs it. The text does not say you may then add that person to promotional broadcasts. For those, ask for opt-in.
For the platform side, such as templates and the business account, read our WhatsApp Business API guide. API means application programming interface, the way software talks to WhatsApp.
A lead form checklist
These are the points a form and its notice should cover. They come from section 5, section 6 and rule 3, put into a form. The order and wording are ours.
- Your business name, and a plain line saying who is asking.
- The data you collect, listed field by field: name, mobile number, city, company.
- Each purpose in one line: to call about the enquiry, to send a quote, to send offers on WhatsApp.
- A separate, unticked choice for promotions, apart from the enquiry itself.
- The channels you will use: call, SMS, email, WhatsApp.
- How to stop: reply STOP, click a link or write to an address. It must be about as easy as signing up.
- How to ask for a copy of the data, ask for a correction or erasure, and complain. Add the contact and the grievance route.
- A link to the full privacy page. The notice itself must still stand alone.
- English, plus a language choice.
A consent record checklist
Section 6(10) puts the burden of proof on you. A record you can open for any one person in a minute answers it. Keep these items for every lead.
- Who: the name, phone number or email.
- When: the date and time.
- Where: the form name, the page address, the ad, the event or the chat.
- What they saw: the notice text and its version number. Keep a copy of each version.
- What they did: ticked a box, pressed a button or sent a message.
- Which purposes and channels they agreed to, each recorded on its own.
- Any withdrawal: the date, the channel, and when processing stopped in every tool.
- Who got the data from you, such as your CRM, your agency and your messaging tool.
What to do about the lists you already hold
Section 5(2) speaks of consent given before the Act's commencement. For that case, the data fiduciary must send a notice as soon as reasonably practicable. It may keep processing the data until the person withdraws consent. That helps lists with a real record of agreement. It does not say what to do with lists that have none.
- Count your lists and group them by source: website forms, ads, events, referrals, bought files.
- For each group, find the record of how each person agreed. Note the groups that have none.
- Send a notice to the groups with a record, in the way section 5(2) describes.
- For groups with no record, the text is silent. Section 6(10) puts the burden of proof on you where consent is the basis. Decide with your lawyer. Our method is to pause promotions to them and ask for a fresh opt-in.
- Remove people who have said stop. Correct wrong numbers. Section 8(3) asks for accuracy when data is used to decide something about a person or is passed to another fiduciary.
- Apply a deletion rule to old, cold leads (section 8(7)). Ask your tool providers where copies sit.
- Pick a date and an owner, and write down the result.
Children and campaigns
A child, under section 2(f), is anyone under eighteen. Section 9(3) says a data fiduciary shall not undertake "tracking or behavioural monitoring of children or targeted advertising directed at children". Section 9(4) lets the rules lift this for some classes and purposes. The Fourth Schedule to the Rules lists them. The ones we read are health care, schools, crèches, child transport and a few safety or legal purposes. Ordinary advertising is not on that list.
The text does not define directed at, and it does not say how a marketer should find out a person's age. If your campaign can reach under-18s, ask a lawyer before you build retargeting.
What are the penalties?
Under section 33, the Board may impose a penalty after an inquiry if it finds a breach significant. The Schedule sets the maximums. Item 1, reasonable security safeguards (section 8(5)), is up to two hundred and fifty crore rupees. Items 2 and 3, breach intimation (section 8(6)) and children's data (section 9), are up to two hundred crore rupees each. Item 7, breach of any other provision of the Act or Rules, is up to fifty crore rupees.
Sections 5 and 6 have no row of their own. We read them as falling under item 7. Ask a lawyer to confirm. These are ceilings. Section 33(2) lists what the Board weighs, such as the nature and gravity of the breach, repeats, the gain made and the steps taken to reduce harm.
Section 17(3) lets the Central Government exempt some classes of data fiduciary, including startups, from section 5 and a few other duties. We found no such notification in the texts we read. Do not assume you are exempt.
Slips we watch for
This is our own checklist from how forms and lists are usually built. It is not a finding from the Board, and it names no company.
- One tick box covers terms, the enquiry and promotions together, so the yes is not specific.
- A box is ticked already, so there is no clear action by the person.
- The form asks for more fields than the stated purpose needs.
- The notice sits inside a long privacy page, and the form shows only a link.
- The notice is in English only.
- The WhatsApp opt-in line does not name the business.
- A person who asked for a quote is moved to a promotional broadcast without a new yes.
- A STOP reply is honoured in one tool but not in the CRM or the email tool, so a message goes out again.
- No record of which wording a person saw.
- Leads are shared with an agency or a tool with no written contract.
- Lead sheets sit in personal phones and open drives, with no control on who can see them.
- Nobody owns the contact and grievance inbox.
- Youth or education campaigns run with no thought of age.
When to ask a lawyer or company secretary
Ask before you act in these cases. Which sections are in force today? Could your firm be notified as a significant data fiduciary (section 10)? Also ask about data from directories or public profiles, lists with no consent record and any campaign near under-18s. Ask about sending data outside India (section 16 and rule 15) and the contracts with your processors. This guide is information, not legal advice. Your lawyer or company secretary decides what applies to you.
When to call us
PromotEdge builds forms, CRM set-ups and WhatsApp flows for Indian companies. See our lead generation, CRM and marketing automation and WhatsApp marketing work. For a second pair of eyes on your forms and lists, we offer a free 30-minute strategist call and a one-page plan, for projects we think we can help. We take on a limited number, so we'll tell you honestly if it is a fit. Ask for a growth plan. For outreach to other firms, known as business-to-business (B2B) selling, read the B2B lead generation guide.












































